Author: Jenny Helm, BVMS, Cert SAM, DipECVIM-CA, FHEA, MRCVS

ABSTRACT Angiostrongylus vasorum is a potentially life-threatening metastrongyloid nematode parasite of dogs that is now widely distributed across the UK. Its ongoing geographical expansion, complex epidemiology and highly variable clinical presentation present significant diagnostic and management challenges for veterinary professionals. This article provides a comprehensive overview of A. vasorum infection, with a focus on disease recognition, diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies and prevention. The parasite’s indirect life cycle, involving gastropod intermediate hosts and fox reservoir populations, underpins its sustained spread and establishment within both rural and suburban environments. Clinical signs are diverse and may involve the cardiorespiratory, coagulation and neurological systems, and range from mild or non-specific signs to severe haemorrhage, respiratory compromise and acute collapse. Laboratory abnormalities, imaging findings and the mechanisms underlying A. vasorum associated coagulopathies are discussed, highlighting the limitations of traditional coagulation tests and the role of advanced diagnostic tests. The article reviews available diagnostic methods, including in-clinic antigen testing, faecal examination and imaging techniques, and considers the implications of undiagnosed infection in perioperative patients. Current treatment options and supportive care measures are outlined. Prevention is emphasised as a critical component of disease control, with discussion of anthelmintic prophylaxis, client education and the challenges of risk prediction in regions where A. vasorum is endemic.
Keywords Angiostrongylus vasorum, canine angiostrongylosis, lungworm, coagulopathy, parasite prevention

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56496/ATQM3295

To cite this article: Helm, J. (2026) A guide to canine angiostrongylosis in the UK. VNJ 41(2) pp19-26.

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